Future Perpect Tense
Future Perfect Tense
| I will have sung |
The future perfect tense is quite an easy tense to understand and use. The future perfect tense talks about the past in the future.
How do we make the Future Perfect Tense?
The structure of the future perfect tense is:
| subject | + | auxiliary verb WILL | + | auxiliary verb HAVE | + | main verb |
| invariable | invariable | past participle | ||||
| will | have | V3 | ||||
Look at these example sentences in the future perfect tense:
| subject | auxiliary verb | auxiliary verb | main verb | |||
| + | I | will | have | finished | by 10am. | |
| + | You | will | have | forgotten | me by then. | |
| - | She | will | not | have | gone | to school. |
| - | We | will | not | have | left. | |
| ? | Will | you | have | arrived? | ||
| ? | Will | they | have | received | it? |
In speaking with the future perfect tense, we often contract the subject and will. Sometimes, we contract the subject, will and have all together:
| I will have | I'll have | I'll've |
| you will have | you'll have | you'll've |
| he will have she will have it will have | he'll have she'll have it'll have | he'll've she'll've it'll've |
| we will have | we'll have | we'll've |
| they will have | they'll have | they'll've |
How do we use the Future Perfect Tense?
The future perfect tense expresses action in the future before another action in the future. This is thepast in the future. For example:
- The train will leave the station at 9am. You will arrive at the station at 9.15am. When you arrive, the train will have left.
| The train will have left when you arrive. | ||||||||
| past | present | future | ||||||
| Train leaves in future at 9am. | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| You arrive in future at 9.15am. | ||||||||
Look at some more examples:
- You can call me at work at 8am. I will have arrived at the office by 8.
- They will be tired when they arrive. They will not have slept for a long time.
- "Mary won't be at home when you arrive."
"Really? Where will she have gone?"
You can sometimes think of the future perfect tense like the present perfect tense, but instead of your viewpoint being in the present, it is in the future:
Future Perfect Tense (I will have gone)
Future Perfect Tense, gelecekte belirli bir zamanda tamamlanmış eylemler için kullanılır. Diğer tüm "future" formlarda olduğu gibi, Future Perfect Tense de "when" "while" "before" "after" "by the time" "as soon as" "if" "unless" gibi zaman kelimeleriyle kullanılamaz. Türkçe’ye "yapmış olacağım" şeklinde çevrilebilir.
EXAMPLES:
I am going to see a movie when I have finished my homework. Doğru
(Dersimi bitirince bir film seyredeceğim.)
I am going to see a movie when I will have finished my homework. Yanlış
FORM Future Perfect
► [WILL HAVE] + [PAST PARTICIPLE]
EXAMPLE:
I will have perfected my English by the time I come back from the U.S. (Amerika’dan döndüğümde İngilizcemi mükemmel bir şekilde geliştirmiş olacağım.)
► [AM / IS / ARE] + [GOING TO HAVE] + [PAST PARTICIPLE]
EXAMPLE:
I am going to have perfected my English by the time I come back from the US. (Amerika’dan döndüğümde İngilizcemi mükemmel bir şekilde geliştirmiş olacağım.)
NOT: "will" veya "going to" kalıbıyla yaptığımız cümleler çoğu kez anlam farkına yol açmazlar. Bazı özel durumlarda iki tense birbirinin yerine kullanılamaz.
| (+) | (-) | (?) |
| I will have played | Will I have played? | I won’t have played |
| You will have played | Will you have played? | You won’t have played |
| He will have played | Will he have played? | He won’t have played |
| She will have played | Will she have played? | She won’t have played |
| It will have played | Will it have played? | It won’t have played |
| We will have playedg | Will we have played? | We won’t have played |
| They will have played | Will they have played? | They won’t have played |
► USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in the Future (Gelecekte birşeyden önce tamamlanmış eylem)
The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future.
(Future Perfect tense gelecekte birşeyden önce bir eylemin olacağını ifade eder. Aynı zamanda gelecekte belirli bir zamandan önce bir eylemin olacağını ifade etmek için de kullanılır.)
EXAMPLES:
- By next November, I will have received my promotion. (Önümüzdeki Kasım ayında terfi etmiş olacağım.)
- By the time he gets home, his wife is going to have cleaned the entire house. (O eve varana kadar karısı bütün evi temizlemiş olacak.)
► USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Future (Non-continuous Verbs) (Gelecekte birşeyden önceki süreç)
With Non-continuous Verbs ,we use the Future Perfect to show that something will continue up until another action in the future.
(Durağan filllerle (eylem içermeyen) bu tense’i kullandığımız zaman gelecekte bir şeyin, gelecekte başka bir eyleme kadar süreceğini ifade ederiz.)
EXAMPLES:
- I will have been in London for six months by the time I leave. (Ayrılana kadar altı ay boyunca Londra’da olacağım.)
By Monday, Susan is going to have had my book for a week. (Pazartesi gününe kitabım bir hafta boyunca Susan’da kalacak.)
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